Understanding the Difference Between a Moving Magnet and a Moving Coil Cartridge on a Turntable
When it comes to turntables, there are two popular types of cartridges available: moving magnet (MM) and moving coil (MC). While both types of cartridges serve the same purpose of converting the mechanical vibrations of a record into electrical signals, there are key differences between the two. In this article, we will explore the differences between a moving magnet and a moving coil cartridge.
The Basic Principle
The basic principle behind both moving magnet and moving coil cartridges is the same. They both consist of a stylus mounted on a cantilever that moves along the grooves of a record. As the stylus moves, it generates electrical signals that are then amplified and converted into sound.
Moving Magnet Cartridge
A moving magnet cartridge is designed with a tiny magnet, typically made of an alloy of samarium and cobalt, attached to the end of the cantilever. This magnet moves back and forth between two stationary fixed coils. As the magnet moves, it generates a varying magnetic field, which in turn induces varying electrical currents in the coils. These electrical currents are then amplified and converted into sound.
Moving Coil Cartridge
A moving coil cartridge, on the other hand, features a tiny coil attached to the cantilever instead of a magnet. This coil moves back and forth between two stationary fixed magnets. As it moves, it generates varying electrical currents in the coil. These electrical currents are then amplified and converted into sound.
Sound Quality and Performance
One of the primary differences between a moving magnet and a moving coil cartridge is sound quality. Moving coil cartridges are known for their superior sound quality, especially when it comes to reproducing fine details and subtleties in music. They tend to offer greater accuracy and precision, resulting in a more realistic sound reproduction. Moving magnet cartridges, while not quite as accurate, are generally more forgiving of less-than-perfect record conditions and are often considered more versatile.
Another factor to consider is the output level of the cartridges. Moving magnet cartridges typically have a higher output level, making them easier to match with a wider range of phono stages or preamps. Moving coil cartridges, on the other hand, have a lower output level, requiring a phono stage or preamp with a dedicated moving coil input or an additional step-up transformer.
Price and Maintenance
Price is another consideration when choosing between a moving magnet and a moving coil cartridge. Generally speaking, moving magnet cartridges are more affordable and offer good value for money. Moving coil cartridges, on the other hand, tend to be more expensive due to their higher manufacturing costs and superior sound quality.
In terms of maintenance, moving magnet cartridges are generally easier to maintain and service. They typically have replaceable styli and can be easily upgraded or repaired if necessary. Moving coil cartridges, on the other hand, often require more specialized tools and expertise for maintenance and repair.
While both moving magnet and moving coil cartridges serve the same purpose of converting vinyl records into sound, there are significant differences between the two. Moving coil cartridges are known for their superior sound quality and precision, but they are often more expensive and require a phono stage or preamp with a dedicated moving coil input. Moving magnet cartridges, on the other hand, offer good value for money and are generally more versatile. Ultimately, the choice between the two depends on individual preferences, budget, and the specific requirements of the audio system.
