Understanding the Basics of Flute Techniques
As one of the oldest musical instruments in the world, the flute has been used in various musical genres. From classical and jazz to pop and rock music, the flute creates a unique sound that can capture the attention of both musicians and music enthusiasts alike. While most people assume playing the flute is only about blowing air into the instrument, there are many different techniques used by musicians to create a range of tones and musical notes. Here are some of the most common flute techniques explained:
Tonguing
The sound of a flute is created by blowing air into the instrument. However, to create distinct notes and tones, players must also use their tongue to articulate the air stream. Using the technique of “tonguing,” players can control the flow of air and produce staccato notes. This means that they are interrupting the air flow with their tongue to create a clear and crisp sound. There are three variations of tonguing techniques used in flute playing – single tonguing, double tonguing, and triple tonguing.
Vibrato
In music, vibrato is a technique of producing a slight variation in pitch while playing a note. It adds depth and richness to a note, making it sound more expressive and emotional. In flute playing, vibrato is created by quickly varying the air pressure in the flute while playing a note. Never over-using vibrato is important because it can sound unprofessional and even distracting.
Glissando
The glissando technique in flute playing is known for sliding or bending notes. When used effectively, glissando can sound very dramatic and melodic. To execute the technique, a flute player must move their fingers up or down the flute’s keys to change the note’s pitch. Glissandos are often used in a playful and cheerful manner.
Flutter Tonguing
Tonguing is a technique used in flute playing to produce a percussive sound of the tongue. Flutter tonguing is a specific kind of tonguing, often utilized by jazz musicians. The technique is created by using the back of the throat to rapidly interrupt the airflow. It is similar to rolling the “R” sound in Spanish or French but much quicker.
Breath Control
The flute is an instrument that relies heavily on the player’s mastery of breath control. Players must be able to control the air they blow into the instrument to produce a consistent sound. Various breath control techniques, like circular breathing, are used to maintain a constant and uninterrupted air flow. Circular breathing is when the player breathes in through their nose while continually blowing air out of their mouth without stopping.
