Understanding the Chemistry of Fire Extinguishers
Fire extinguishers come in a variety of types designed to extinguish different types of fires. However, they all work based on a similar chemical reaction. When a fire is ignited, it requires fuel, heat, and oxygen to burn. Fire extinguishers work by disrupting at least one of these elements, thus extinguishing the fire.
How Does Water Work as a Fire Extinguisher?
Water, one of the most common types of fire extinguishers, works by cooling and smothering the fire. When sprayed onto the fire, it cools the fuel and the surrounding area, making it difficult for the fire to continue to burn. Water also turns into steam as it reaches high temperatures, which helps reduce the oxygen supply, thereby extinguishing the fire.
Understanding Chemical Fire Extinguishers
Chemical extinguishers use extinguishing agents such as monoammonium phosphate, sodium bicarbonate or potassium bicarbonate to put out fires. The chemicals work by interfering with the chemical reaction of the fire, primarily by interrupting the chemical reaction that converts fuel and oxygen into a compound necessary for a flame to ignite. This disruption steers the chemical reaction away from producing fire and extinguishes the flames.
Clean Agent Fire Extinguishers
Clean agent fire extinguishers contain substances such as halon, carbon dioxide, and hydrofluorocarbons that are liquefied under pressure. Unlike other types of fire extinguishers that work by disrupting the chemical reactions of the fire, clean agents work through a physical process. When discharged, the agent vaporizes, absorbing the heat and removing oxygen from the surrounding area around the flames, thus extinguishing the fire.
Why Fire Extinguishers Need Regular Servicing
While fire extinguishers are an essential tool in the fight against fire, they require regular servicing to function correctly. Servicing ensures that the extinguisher’s chemicals remain stable, and its mechanical components are functioning correctly. If your business or home has a fire extinguisher, you must have it serviced once a year by a reputable company to ensure it can function optimally when needed.
